Perfect Computer Notes

DATA Data is the collection of raw facts and figures. It is without any proper meaning. Data may be collection of words, numbers, graphics or sounds. What is data? Explain different types of data Examples of Data 1) Student Data on Admission Forms When students get admission in a college. They fill admission form. This form     contains raw facts (data of student) like name, father’s name, address of student etc. 2)    Data of Citizens During census, data of all citizens is collected. 3)    Survey Data Different companies collect data by survey to know the opinion of people about their product. 4)    Students Examination data In examination data about obtained marks of different subjects for all students is collected.    Different Types Of Data There are following main types of Data. 1)    NUMERIC DATA Numeric data consists of 0 to 9 digits, + and – sign and decimal point etc. For example, 10, 78, 90.50, -56 etc 2)    ALPHABETIC DATA It consists

After collecting data, it is processed to convert into information. The data is processed again and again until accurate result is achieved. This is called data processing cycle . Data processing cycle involves following three basic activities: Major Activities Involved in Data Processing Cycle Explain Data processing cycle 1. Input 2. Processing 3. Output 1. INPUT It is the process in which collected data is given to computer after converting into binary form. Input step can be further divided into following steps: i) Planning Here objectives of data processing are defined. For example, in examination system, objective is to process student examination data to get result cards. ii) Data Collecting Here data is collected. Data is the raw material for data processing. This must be accurate for getting accurate results. iii) Input Here data is entered into computer. iv) Verification Here collected data is verified to determine whether it is valid for

Topic: Differences Between Data and Information - 14 Differences Here we are going to discuss the differences between two typical terms of information technology: Data and Information . Data is a collection of raw facts and figures about an entity . Data may consist of numbers, characters, audio, video or pictures etc. When these data is processed according to requirements, then it is transformed into INFORMATION . Differences between data and information with examples For example, consider Admission system of a Computer College. The candidates will submit admissions forms filled by them. Now all the facts and figures and picture of candidate on form is called data. These data may consist of name, father's name, date of birth, marks obtained, total marks, address, contact number and a latest photo graph of the candidate. Now the concerned person in the college office will process these data to prepare a merit list. He may calculate percentage of obtained marks of eac

DATA Data is the collection of raw facts and figures. Actually data is unprocessed, that is why data is called collection of raw facts and figures. Define Data and Information with Examples We collect data from different resources. After collection, data is entered into computer for processing. Data may be collection of words, numbers, pictures,  or sounds etc. Examples of Data 1) Student Data on Admission Forms When students get admission in a college. They fill admission form. This form  contains raw facts (data of student) like name, father’s name, address of student, obtained marks, photo graph etc. 2)    Data of Citizens During census, data of all citizens is collected. The staff will go house to house and collect data about citizens like number of persons living in a home, either they are literate or illiterate, number of children, data of each child, cast, religion, Computerized national Identity Card number, address, how many rooms and other facilities in the

Topic:  Different Types of Software with Examples Types of Software Different Types of Software with Examples There are two  main types of software  -  system software and application software . Let us discuss these types of software in detail with examples of each. System Software System software is a set of programs used to implement certain functions in a computer system. System software  controls the overall operations and components of a computer system. We can say that system software is the base on which application programs are executed. System software provides an interface between user and computer. Users use this interface to interact with the computer and perform different jobs on computer. Operating systems like Windows, Linux and Unix are the main example of system software . Similarly device drivers software are also examples of system software. Examples of system software Examples of system software are as follows: •   Operating Systems Op

Software Software is a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do. Software is the set of instructions given to computer to perform a task or to control operations of computer. Software cannot be touched. There are two main types of software - Application software and System software . The hardware cannot perform any task without software. Software is installed on hard disk . When we use any software it is loaded into RAM from hard disk. What is Software? Examples of software are: MS Word MS EXCEL MS POWER POINT,  WinZip Norton Anti Virus MSN Messenger  and MS Windows etc.             Microsoft WORD: MS Word This software is used to prepare letters, applications, office documents and all types of documents and books etc. Microsoft Excel: MS Excel It is used calculations and preparing electronic worksheets for example creating Employees Pay Sheet or Students Result Sheet.           MS POWER POINT: It is used to prepare

A mouse is a small, lightweight pointing input device. Mouse is moved on a flat surface to control the movement of the pointer on a screen. A mouse usually has two or three buttons. These buttons are used to perform different tasks. Different types of mouse are as follows: Mechanical Mouse Mechanical mouse contains a rubber or metal ball inside it. The movement of the cursor depends on the movement of the ball. This mouse is normally used on mouse pad. Mouse pad is a- small flat pad made of rubber or foam to provide easy movement for the mouse. It protects the mouse from dust and dirt. Optical Mouse Optical mouse contains no ball inside it. It uses a device that emits light to detect the mouse movement. Optical sensor or laser is used in these types of mouse. It is more expensive than mechanical mouse. Wireless Mouse Wireless or cordless mouse is a type of mouse that does not require a wire to work. It transmits data using wireless technology like radio waves or

Topic: What are Different Pointing Input Devices  A Pointing input device is an input device which is used to control  the movement of the pointer to select items on a display screen. Examples of pointing input devices include: Mouse, Track ball, Joystick, Pointing Stick, Graphic Tablet, Touch pad or Track pad, Touch Screen and Light pen etc. 1. Mouse Explain different Pointing input devices - Mouse Mouse is an input device used to control motion of pointer on screen. A mouse has two or three buttons called Left, Right and Middle button. Buttons are used to perform different functions. 2. Track Ball   Track Ball is an input device like a mouse. It is used in Lap top computers to control motion of pointer on screen. It is a pointing device like upside down mouse. It has a ball on its upper side. This ball is moved by fingers or thumb and the pointer moves accordingly on screen. 3. Joystick   Joystick is an input device used to play games on c

Topic: Explain different types of storage devices in Computer systems Storage Devices Storage devices are used to store data and instructions permanently. Storage devices are also called secondary storage devices / backing storage devices / external storage devices or auxiliary storage devices. Examples of storage devices include Hard Disk, CD and DVD etc. Why Secondary Storage Devices are Used? Secondary storage devices are used because: Primary memory(RAM) is volatile and temporary. When computer is switched off, all data in ram is erased. Storage devices can store large amounts of data and instructions permanently whereas Primary memory has less capacity of storing data. Types Of Storage Devices There are three main types of storage devices:  Magnetic Tape   Magnetic Disk   Optical Disk   Flash Memory storage devices 1. Magnetic Tape Magnetic tape is the oldest storage device. It is made of plastic coated with magnetic material. Data is stored on mag