Explain Different Types and Differences of Programming Languages and Differences

Topic: Explain Different Types of Programming Languages and Differences
What is a programming language?
Types of programming languages : Low level and high level programming languages with examples
Differences between low level and high level programming languages

What is a Programming Language?

A set of words, symbols and codes used to write programs is called programming language. Different programming languages are available for writing different types of programs.

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Explain different types of programming languages

With the help of computer language, a programmer tells a computer what to do. Some popular computer programming languages are C++, Java, Visual Basic etc. These are examples of high level programming languages. Whereas machine language and assembly language are called low level programming language.

Another Definition of a Programming Language

A programming language is a language that is designed to be used (read and written) by humans to create programs that can be executed by computers. In other words we can say that programming languages provides the way so that the users may interact with the computer to give it commands and instructions to perform certain tasks.

Types of Programming Languages

There are two main types of computer programming languages.
•    low-level languages
•    high-level languages.

Low Level Programming Languages

These languages are near to computer hardware and far from human languages. Computer can understand these languages easily.

Following are two low-level languages:
•     Machine Language
•     Assembly Language

Machine Language

A computer language in which instructions are written in binary form (0 and 1) is called machine language. It is the only language that is directly understood by the computer. Machine language is the native language of computer.

A computer language in which instructions are written in binary form (0 and 1) is called machine language. It is the only language that is directly understood by the computer.

Advantages of  Machine Languages

a)    Very fast program execution: Because the machine language is the native language of computer that computers directly understand and execute. There is no need of a translator program, because computer can already understand and execute the machine language instructions directly without the need of translation.  

Disadvantages of  Machine Languages:

a)    Machine Language is difficult to understand
b)    Machine Language is difficult to learn
c)    Programs of Machine Language are difficult to modify
d)    Machine Language requires deep knowledge of hardware
e)    Programs of Machine Language are difficult to remove errors
f)    Programs of Machine Language are Machine dependent
Machine language is also known as first generation language.

 Assembly Language

Assembly Language Example Code

Assembly language is a low-level language. In assembly language, symbols are used instead of binary code. These symbols are easy to remember. For example Add instruction is used to add two numbers.
Assembly language is also known as second generation language

Advantages of Assembly Langauge:

a) Assembly language programs are executed with fast speed
b) Assembly language programming is easier to learn, understand and modify than machine language
Disadvantages:
a)    Assembly language programs are machine dependent
b)    Assembly language programming requires deep knowledge of hardware

 High Level Programming Languages

A type of language that is close to human languages is called high level language. High-level languages are easy to understand. Instructions of these languages are written in English-like words e.g. Print, Display, Write etc.

  Examples of High Level Programming Languages

• COBOL
• BASIC
• PASCAL
• C Programming Langage
• C++
• JAVA
• Visual Basic

 

Advantages of High Level Programming Languages:

a) High Level Programming Languages are Easy to learn and understand
b) Programs written in High Level Programming Languages are Easy to modify
c) It is Easy to remove errors in the Programs written in High Level Programming Languages
d) Programs written in High Level Programming Languages are Machine independent
e) High Level Programming Languages have Better documentation

Disadvantages of High Level Programming Languages

a) A disadvantage of High Level Programming Languages is slower program execution.
b) High Level Programming Languages provide programming facilities for performing Certain operations.

An Introduction To High Level Programming Languages

FORTRAN

FORTRAN stands for FORmula TRANslation. It is mainly used for writing applications related to science and engineering fields.

BASIC

BASIC stands for Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. It was invented in late 1960's to teach programming skills to students.

COBOL

COBOL stands for Common Business Oriented Language. It was especially designed for business applications.

C Language

C Language is one of the most popular programming language among students and beginners in the field of computer programming. C Language was designed by Dennis Ritchie at AT&T Bell Labs in 1972. Sometimes C Language is called a middle level language because it provides facilities to develop application software as well as system software. So C Language combines some important qualities of a high level language and a low level programming language.

Difference between Low-level and High-level Programming Language

High-level Language	Low-level Language
1.   High-level languages are easy to learn	1. Low-level languages are difficult to learn.
2.   near to human languages.	2, far from human languages.
3.    Programs in high-level languages are slow in execution.	3. Programs in low-level languages are fast in execution.
4.    Programs in high-level languages are easy to modify.	4. Programs   in   low-level   languages   are difficult to modify.
5.    Deep   knowledge   of hardware   is  not required to write programs.	5. Deep knowledge of hardware is required to write programs.

Topic: Explain Different Types of Programming Languages and Differences What is a programming language? Types of programming languages : Low level and high level programming languages with examples Differences between low level and high level programming languages

How To Unsubscribe Utunes Service of Ufone

Today, We will discuss the simple and easy way to unsubscribe the Utunes Service of Ufone. Remember, Utunes service will cost you at the rate of  Rs. 1.55 daily.

easy way to unsubscribe the Utunes Service of Ufone

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How To Unsubscribe / Deactivate Utunes Service

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How Functions are Used in Excel Fast and Easy Way 3

What is a Function in Microsoft Excel?

Microsoft Excel provides a large number of Functions for processing data in Excel Worksheets easily. Functions are predefined formulas in Excel. These functions are used in different types of calculations on numerical or other data  quickly.

How a Function is Used in Microsoft Excel?

There are three popular ways to use built-in functions in Microsoft Excel.

1. Type Functions Manually
2. Use Function Library Commands
3. Use Insert Function Dialogue Box

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1. Type Functions Manually

You can type a function manually in the required cell. First of all press Equal key from keyboard. Then start typing function name, for example, type SUM. A formula autocomplete list box will be displayed. Press TAB key when SUM is selected in the autocomplete formula list box. Type cell reference of first cell, suppose A1, type a colon ( : ). Type the cell reference of the last cell, suppose A4 as shown in the figure. Press Enter. You will see the result 100 in this cell.

How Functions are used in Microsoft Excel Quick and Easy Way 3

A function is used by its name and providing some arguments to the function. The arguments are the necessary data values for calculation. Moreover, there is an EQUAL sign before every function name.

Notes on Microsoft Excel Functions - SUM function

General Syntax of a Function in Microsoft Excel

=FunctionName(Argument1, Argument2,...)
Arguments can be numbers in mathematical functions or cell references etc. If the cell references are used the syntax becomes
=FunctionName(CellRef1:CellRef2)
where CellRef1 represents the cell reference of the first cell in the range and CellRef2 represents the cell reference of the last cell in the range. For example in the given figure,
=SUM(A1:A4)

2. Use Function Library Commands

Another way to insert a function in a cell is to use the icons in the Formulas each of which is a drop-down control.

When you select a function from one of these lists, Excel displays its Function Arguments dialog box to help you enter arguments. The rest of the procedure is the same as in first method.

Notes on using Microsoft Excel Functions

3. Use Insert Function Dialogue Box

Notes on using Microsoft Excel Functions - How to Use Insert Function Dialog Box in Microsoft Excel

Using the Insert Function dialog box ensures that you spell the function correctly and that it contains the proper number of arguments in the correct order. Select a suitable category of the function, for example, if you want to use SUM function then it will be found in Math & Trig category of functions. Search and select the function SUM and click on OK button. Now Function arguments dialog box will open, type suitable arguments.

To insert a function, select the function from the Insert Function dialog box, as shown in Figure

You access this dialog box by

• Choosing Formulas, Function Library,Insert Function
• Choosing Formulas,Function Library, AutoSum, and then clicking More Functions in the

drop-down list

       In Function Arguments dialog box, you can enter the cell reference of first cell and a colon ( : ) and the cell reference of the last cell to add all the numbers in the cells between these two cells including, as shown in the figure. After giving argument values click on Ok button and the result 100 will be shown in the required cell.

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